Nair de los Angeles Pereira author Analia Veronica Fernández Gimenez author Nora Selma Haran author Jorge Lino Fenucci author text article 2013 eng The purpose of this study was to evaluate the alkaline phosphatase activity in haemocytes and midgut gland of the penaeid shrimp Artemesia longinaris in relationship with different doses of vitamin D3 in feedand to estimate its potential use as biomarker for nutritional stress. A nine-week trial was carried out with juvenile shrimp in aquaria. Animals were fed semipurified feeds with increasing levels of vitamin D3 (0; 0.2; 0.375; 0.75 and 1 mg vitamin D3 kg-1 feed). Treatments without vitamin D revealed the significantly highest protein content in haemocytes (P<0.05), as the lowest values were recorded on 0.2 and 1 mg vitamin D kg-1 treatments. The analysis of protein content of midgut glands revealed a maximum content for diets containing 0.2 and 0.75 mg Vitamin D kg-1. The optimum pH value for alkaline phosphatase in midgut gland was 9.5. The results show the occurrence of alkaline phosphatase activity in the tissues of shrimp A. longinaris, describing higher enzymatic activity values in haemocytes than in midgut glands. The highest enzyme activity in haemocytes was observed for shrimp fed without vitamin D (1.235 abs min-1 mg protein-1), however, in midgut gland, the activity varied from 0.141 to 0.297 abs min-1 mg protein-1, with the highest values on 0 and 1 mg vitamin D kg-1. Histological analysis of the midgut gland confirmed a good health of the shrimp fed 0.375 and 0.750 mg vitamin D kg-1 and were used as optimal values for determining enzymatic activity. Shrimp fed diets lacking of vitamin D or 1 mg kg-1 showed signs of malnourishment. The results indicate that alkaline phosphatase activity in A. longinaris was influenced by dietary vitamin D and may be used as a biomonitor of nutritional stress. 2008-8019 4 v. 2 no. 2013 3 13 http://www.journal-aquaticscience.com/article_73501_1d09c4230fa47cb4f25537f83ad4cb8e.pdf Mary A. Opiyo author Erick Ochieng Ogello author Harrison Charo-Karisa author text article 2013 eng The effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate as an anaesthetic for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles ranging from 2 to 27g was investigated. The juveniles were exposed to different concentrations of 0 (control), 5, 10, 15,20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50 g/L of sodium bicarbonate solution. Fish were bath immersed in each of the different concentrations of sodium bicarbonate solution for 5 min. Generally, induction time decreased while recovery time increased with increase in sodium bicarbonate concentration. Induction and recovery times increased significantly (P < 0.05) with increasing body weight. All fish reached full anaesthesia in less than 2 min in higher concentrations of 50 g/L and no mortality occurred under any of the concentrations tested. The most optimal concentration leading to full anaesthesia in 2 min and recovery in less than 4 min was 45 g/L. 2008-8019 4 v. 2 no. 2013 14 22 http://www.journal-aquaticscience.com/article_73502_8a6170bb21590ae8d85adeb5e73a7dba.pdf Nuha F. Kadhim author Moayed J. Y. Al-Amari author Fikrat M. Hassan author text article 2013 eng The spatial and temporal distribution of epipelic algae was studied in relation to physical and chemical parameters in Neel stream, Babil governorate. Monthly samples were taken from four sites along the stream for the period from October 2010 to June 2011. The samples were analyzed for several parameters (air and water temperature, pH, Electrical conductivity, salinity, dissolved oxygen, total hardness, calcium, magnesium and total alkalinity). The epipelic species compositions, density, biological diversity index and richness index were also studied. A total of 56 taxa of epipelic algae were identified in the present study. Diatoms were considered the most dominant species of epipelic algae. The results indicated clear spatial and temporal variations of epipelic algae. 2008-8019 4 v. 2 no. 2013 23 32 http://www.journal-aquaticscience.com/article_73503_44e2ad2e591616f10a4695e98463c485.pdf Mohammad Modarres Sheikh author Mohammad Reza Rezaei author Mohammad Ali Nasseri author text article 2013 eng Rivers and wetlands which act as natural absorbents and food filters are important aquatic ecosystems. Kashaf Rood River is a seasonal river in Khorasan Razavi province that has many branches such as Ferizi, Zoshk, Torogh, Kardeh and Radkan Rivers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentration and the source (natural and man-made) of heavy metals in surface sediments of Kashaf Rood River. The results showed that the organic part of man-made has no significant contribution to the distribution of Hg in the river while the sulphide part is distributed as the organic phase in the environment because of the very close similarity coefficient with organic part. For Cr the man-made part and organic part have a similarity with each other and have a weaker relation with exchange able and sulphide parts. The results on the Pb also showed that natural resources have no role in the release of Pb in river because its similarity to other parts is very low but it is identical to Cr in other parts. It also became clear that there is a significant difference at 99% level in all four stages of chemical methods for all three metals and also all stations except Pb in the exchangeable and sulphide stages. It was found that the Station4 (Hemat Abad) the highest concentration of Hg. Station5 (Alteimoor) has the highest concentration for Cr. Station2 (Parkand Abad) has the highest concentration of Pb. 2008-8019 4 v. 2 no. 2013 33 43 http://www.journal-aquaticscience.com/article_73505_cdbecca91b103399d99d823ad7c9221b.pdf Binh T. Dang author Glenn A. Bristow author Christoffer Schander author Bjørn Berland author text article 2013 eng Three new species of monogenea are described from cultured and wild grouper from Nha Trang and Cam Ranh Bays, Vietnam. Pseudorhabdosynochus nhatrangensis n. spand P. vietnamensis n. sp. were found on wild and cultured Epinephelus coioides and E. bleekeri, while Pseudorhabdosynochus brunei n. sp. parasitizes wild E. bruneus. P. nhatrangensis n. sp. is characterized by a sclerotized vagina with cup-shaped trumpet, open at the distal part, followed by a proximal tubular region, twisted to a circle at the posterior end and extending into thin branches; squamodiscs with 10 rows of rodlets with the central row being a closed circle. The tegument is scaly. P. vietnamensis n. sp. has a very large male copulatory organ with the tube being widened and slightly curved posteriorly. A sclerotized vagina comprised of an anterior trumpet, followed by convoluted structure which twists and divides into two distinct chambers. The central row of the squamodiscs forms a closed circle with a central core present. A heavily scaled tegument with scales on ventral and dorsal surfaces extends from the squamodiscs to the level of the ovary. P. nhatrangensiis n. sp. can be differentiated from other Pseudorhabdosynochus species by the vaginal structure. The complex vaginal structure and extremely large male copulatory organ of P. vietnamensis are similar to P. pai reported from E. tauvina, but these two can be distinguished by details of the vagina, and number of rows of squamodiscs (17–18 in P. vietnamensis and 10–11 in P. pai). P. brunei n. sp. possesses a sclerotized vagina with a tubular region and two serial chambers at the distal opening; squamodiscs have only 7 rows of rodlets. An egg of this species was found, being large and oval with a long sclerotized tail 2008-8019 4 v. 2 no. 2013 44 58 http://www.journal-aquaticscience.com/article_73504_dfdc2f9f04960c5392383795c5840b83.pdf Ilham Nassri author Abdelkebir Bellaouchou author Abdallah El Abidi author Samira Senouci author Omar Assobhei author Mohamed Fekhaoui author text article 2013 eng The absence of a system of continuous monitoring of the quality of spring waters together with population’s ignorance of the health risk related to the use of those waters in rural areas could expose users to waterborne diseases. The present study aims to evaluate the bacteriological quality of spring waters in the region of Rabat-Salé-Zemmour-Zaer during the period 2010-2011. The bacteriological analysis focused on 51 spring waters and was conducted according to ISO method for the detection of coliforms, intestinal enterococci and E. coli. The results showed that 89% of the samples analyzed do not meet drinking water standards of WHO, with a prevalence of 72.5%, 62.7%, 59.8% and 38.2% respectively for total coliforms, fecal coliforms, intestinal enterococci and E. coli. The absence of strain enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157: H7 in all samples was noted. The important deterioration in spring water quality in the studied area is due to many factors: the mismanagement of waste, the shallow depth of the groundwater, the permeability of the aquifer, the distance from the water spring and the source of pollution and to a lesser extent, the development of the immediate surrounding areas in the region RSZZ. The need for a monitoring system is essential for the protection of spring waters and consequently the populations. 2008-8019 4 v. 2 no. 2013 59 68 http://www.journal-aquaticscience.com/article_73507_f2ddac4bdda37b96ee0aacf0363c4cc1.pdf Fatima Wariaghli author Ashley Tilghman-Sibille author Abdallah El Abidi author Hecham El Hamri author Mohammed Fekhaoui author Ahmed Yahyaoui author text article 2013 eng This work involves an assessment of the degree of heavy metal contamination (Zn, Fe, Cu, Pb and Cr) in liver, gills, kidney and muscle of eel (Anguilla anguilla) inhabiting two ecosystems along the Moroccan Atlantic coast: the Sebou estuary and the Moulay Bousselham lagoon reserve in April 2006. In this study, heavy metals were determined with flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Chromium levels in liver as well as copper levels in kidneys were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the Sebou estuary than in the Merja Zerga reserve. Accumulation of chromium and copper in eel tissues was likely due to anthropogenic activities. The metals ratios between liver and muscle indicated that the liver accumulated higher levels of metals than the muscle tissue. All metal levels in muscle tissues are lower than the limits of European Dietary Standards and Guidelines. 2008-8019 4 v. 2 no. 2013 69 82 http://www.journal-aquaticscience.com/article_73508_fa4a30757a0d781f0452dc5e51b95149.pdf Seyed Mahdi Banan Khojasteh author Saeideh Ghodratiniya author text article 2013 eng The morphohistology of gastric and intestinal wall of Epinephelus coioides was described. The gastric mucosa is folded and lined by simple columnar epithelium. Gastric pits open into simple tubular glands. Lamina propria – submucosa consists of connective tissue with numerous eosinophilic granule cells, and muscularis is bilayer. The intestine has many villi as finger like projections and its epithelium is simple columnar interspersed with goblet and rodlet cells. The tunica muscularis is composed of two muscle layers, thick inner circular and thin outer longitudinal. There were no muscularis mucosae in both of organs. 2008-8019 4 v. 2 no. 2013 83 90 http://www.journal-aquaticscience.com/article_73506_b59df317906aad94f7257da241c94cff.pdf