Int. J. of Aquatic Science 2008-8019 4 1 2013 01 01 Experimental Streptococcus iniae infection in barramundi (Lates calcarifer) cultured in Vietnam 3 12 EN Hich Tran Vi Quyen Vu Dang Ha Dung Nguyen Huu Heidrun Inger Wergeland Streptococcus iniae has become one of the most important fish pathogens. This work describes first isolation of this bacterial species from cultured barramundi in Khanh Hoa, Vietnam. Three Streptococcus iniae strains (Aum, C4 and CR3) were tested for virulence in barramundi model using intraperitoneal injection at concentrations of 102-107cell per ml. The results showed that the LD50 of Aum, C4 and CR3 when the barramundi were challenged via intraperitoneal were determined to be 104.8, 105.6 and 105.8 CFU respectively. Moribund barramundi diplayed similar clinical symtoms, i.e., erratic swimming, haemorrhage at base of fins, tail rot. Fifteen days after challenge, S. iniae could not be isolated from kidney, spleen, liver or brain of surviving fish. Streptococcus iniae,barramundi,experiment infection http://www.journal-aquaticscience.com/article_73510.html http://www.journal-aquaticscience.com/article_73510_46a65b39c3460461a96e409fcfc9e24a.pdf

Int. J. of Aquatic Science 2008-8019 4 1 2013 01 01 Morphometric comparison of two bisexual species of Artemia: Artemia franciscana Kellogg, 1906 from Mexico and Artemia urmiana Günther, 1899 from Lake Urmia 13 23 EN Jorge Castro Mejía Amin Eimanifar Germán Castro Mejía Norma Fabiola Alcántara Muñiz Inland waters Artemia populationshave specific biological characteristics, due to isolation pattern in their habitat environment. These populations mainly have different ionic compositions in the living environment which is actually described their biological characteristics. Owing to this reason, two bisexual species of Artemia from different geographical locations were selected in order to determine morphological variabilities within and among populations. The two species are A. franciscana from Mexico containing four populations and A. urmiana from Lake Urmia, Iran. Morphological variations were carried out based on cyst and decapsulated cyst diameter, nauplii and adults (males and females) length. Biometry of A. urmiana cysts showed bigger size than Mexican cysts. A. urmiana nauplii length showed significant outcome with all Mexican populations with the exception of Cuatro Cienegas. Morphometric analysis of adult Artemia did not show significant differences in some variable parameters. Analysis of males and females gave principally discriminant variables in three parameters including head width, distances between compound eyes and length of furca. Inland waters,A. franciscana,A. urmiana,morphometry,discriminant Analysis http://www.journal-aquaticscience.com/article_73513.html http://www.journal-aquaticscience.com/article_73513_3002c9b30ab6a7a9bdc21ad2744c265b.pdf

Int. J. of Aquatic Science 2008-8019 4 1 2013 01 01 Specific humoral immune response and protection against Vibrio parahaemolyticus in orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides 24 35 EN Nguyen Thi Thanh Thuy Dung Huu Nguyen Heidrun I. Wergeland This study shows the specific antibody response of orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides to the formalin-killed bacteria Vibrio parahaemolyticus and the protection after experimental challenge with the bacteria. The vaccination was performed by intraperitoneal injection using bacterin combined with adjuvant. Specific antibodies were analyzed by ELISA using whole bacteria as antigen, and the immunoreactivity to the various bacteria protein components were detected by western blotting post vaccination. In addition, the protective efficacy of the bacterin was tested by challenge with V. parahaemolyticus at 30 and 60 days post vaccination.The results showed that significantly high level of antibodies was found in vaccinated fish using a bacterin with adjuvant. At 60 days post injection, the antibody levels were lower and more similar in all groups. By western blotting, immunoreactive bands were observed in bacterin vaccinated whereas no bands were seen in the two control groups. The challenge tests showed that the cumulative mortality rate was low in the vaccinated groups (10 and 40%) after 30 days post vaccination while high mortality occurred in control groups (70% and 90%). However, the mortality rate had increased in all groups at day 60 post vaccination. The bacterin/adjuvant vaccinated groups showed lowest mortality of 40% and the other groups including controls above 60%. Vaccination using formalin killed bacteria V. parahaemolyticus mixed with adjuvant FIA provided good protection in cultured E. coioides. This was supported by findings of specific antibodies to the bacteria in sera from vaccinated fish. The results indicate that vaccination, using adjuvants can be a prophylactic measure in orange spotted grouper and further studies should focus on obtaining longer time protection and use of various adjuvants. Antibody response,orrange-spotted grouper,Vibrio parahaemolyticus,Vaccine,challenge http://www.journal-aquaticscience.com/article_73512.html http://www.journal-aquaticscience.com/article_73512_b4df0d326e2a1cc82c38c31c23be8ae0.pdf

Int. J. of Aquatic Science 2008-8019 4 1 2013 01 01 Antimicrobial and Proximate Properties of Some Processed Honey in Ado-Ekiti 36 43 EN Adebowale Toba Odeyemi Samuel Oluyemi Adefemi Adewole Alaba Adebayo The antibacterial activity and proximate composition of five processed honey samples collected from different location in Ado-Ekiti were evaluated. The honey samples were diluted to concentration of 50%, 75% and 100% (w/v) for sensitivity test against Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus spp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Klebsiella spp.and Bacillus spp. using agar well diffusion method. The proximate composition analysis of the samples was also determined using titrimetricmethod. Generally, the honey samples showed inhibitory potency at different concentrations,showing a range of 6-24mm at concentration of 50% (w/v), 7-28mm at concentration of 75% (w/v) and 0-30mm at concentration of 100% (w/v) on the agar well diffusion plates. The proximate values of honey samples showed that the ash content ranged from 0.05% to 0.79%, moisture content; 16.8% to 21.5%, nitrogen content; 0.21% to 0.54%, total acidity; 23.88 to 33.42meq/kg, hydrated lactose; 0.38 to 0.54% and pH; 4.31 to 4.43. The present study has however proven honey as a very promising topical antimicrobial agent against the infection caused by antibiotic resistant bacteria; as a further assurance of the potency of the honey processed and sold in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. antibacterial,honey,proximate composition,Ado-Ekiti http://www.journal-aquaticscience.com/article_73514.html http://www.journal-aquaticscience.com/article_73514_55089fb1117273c86a8302fd575df81c.pdf

Int. J. of Aquatic Science 2008-8019 4 1 2013 01 01 Do temporary lakes vary from year to year? A comparison of limnological parameters and zooplankton from two consecutive annual cycles in an Argentine temporary saline lake 44 61 EN Santiago A. Echaniz Gabriela C. Cabrera Carolina Rodríguez Alicia M. Vignatti Temporary wetlands alternate dry phases with hydroperiods of varying duration. When their salinity is high it becomes one of the abiotic factors more influencing on wetland ecology. Due to the temporary nature of the ecosystem, the physico-chemical and biological parameters exhibit relatively large variation in short time periods; therefore studies limited to short periods cannot record long-term dynamics. Temporary aquatic ecosystems in other latitudes have been well studied; however those in Argentina have received little attention, despite their high frequency; particularly in the semi-arid central-west belt. Given that in La Pampa province (central region of Argentina) data previously collected from different hydroperiods of several temporary saline lakes are available, the aim of this study was to compare and establish relationships between physico-chemical parameters, and zooplankton taxonomic composition, diversity and biomass, recorded in two consecutive annual cycles in a saline lake in the northern of the province. Seasonal water and zooplankton samples were obtained during 2006 and 2007. Salinity differed, and increased from a mean of 23.98 g.L-1 (2006) to 36.71 g.L-1 (2007). Transparency, total phosphorus, chlorophyll-a, and total suspended solid concentrations did not differed. Total species richness was reduced (six and three species in 2006 and 2007, respectively), and was negatively correlated with salinity. Halophilic species, including Boeckella poopoensis, Brachionus plicatilis, and Moina eugeniae were registered during both years. Total zooplankton density and biomass were not significantly distinct, neither those of copepods and rotifers; however cladocerans were negatively affected by salinity, resulting in decreased density and biomass in 2007. The zooplankton species inhabiting this saline lake are halophilic, which can explain the few differences observed in biological parameters between the two annual cycles. Brachyuran crabs,Red Sea,larval rearing,larval systematics,zoea http://www.journal-aquaticscience.com/article_73515.html http://www.journal-aquaticscience.com/article_73515_ca61aabc8c3b018535911b63be27e240.pdf

Int. J. of Aquatic Science 2008-8019 4 1 2013 01 01 The assessment of organic contamination of the Aras reservoir based on hydrobiological indicators 62 73 EN Adil Aliyev Reza Ahmadi Akif Bayramov Masoud Seidgar Mahir Maharramov According to the long term hydrobiological survey on the Aras reservoir based on phytoplankton, zooplankton and zoobenthose indices, the organic contamination of water was evaluated. Regarding its biological indicators, the saprobic quality of Aras reservoir was determined as (1.6-2.0 or β-mesosaprob). The higher saprobic indices (3-3.5 or α-mesosaprob) were observed on its deeper areas. In spring increased of water flow may mitigate the saprobic condition and change the related indicators to a lower level in the reservoir. Aras reservoir,hydrobiological indicators,organic contamination,saprobic indices http://www.journal-aquaticscience.com/article_73509.html http://www.journal-aquaticscience.com/article_73509_71051846b087f5aeb0322ca113298830.pdf

Int. J. of Aquatic Science 2008-8019 4 1 2013 01 01 Factors controlling mortality of Red Sea Brachyuran crab larvae in rearing systems 74 81 EN Ali Al-Aidaroos Larviculture of brachyurans is essential for the purpose of systematics, conservation and other considerations. In this review, design of crab larval rearing apparatus and information on larval nutrition are reviewed and discussed. Studies have shown that crab larvae survived better in relatively smaller vessels than in bigger ones. The ‘‘planktokreisel’’-based system allows larvae to develop with minimal mechanical stress, while providing adequate water renewal and circulation. Aeration is also another vital factor in rearing systems. Crab larvae cannot metamorphose to the subsequent stages on diets consisting solely of algae, protists and non-living particles. Considering the mouth size of first-formed zoea of Leucosiidae and Xanthidae, unconventional starter live feeds like nauplii of copepods are worth culturing for ensuring high feeding success. Detritus, bacterial diversity and dissolved amino acids are other unexplored areas demanding further study. The contents of this brief review would be helpful in designing a crab larval culture system and in reducing rearing associated mortality through better nutrition and controlling other associated factors. Brachyuran crabs,Red Sea,larval rearing,larval systematics,zoea http://www.journal-aquaticscience.com/article_73511.html http://www.journal-aquaticscience.com/article_73511_f1c916f7a6034a1e0b9f81183f14c8b2.pdf