Int. J. of Aquatic Science 2008-8019 8 1 2017 01 01 Determination of environmental factors and littoral phytoplankton in Izmit Bay 3 8 70756 EN Arzu Morkoyunlu Yuce Journal Article 1970 01 01 In this study it is aimed to determine the relationship between environmental parameters and phytoplanktonic communities from six selected sampling sites in the littoral region of Izmit Bay. The samples were taken monthly from January 2011 to December 2011. Twenty taxa were identified in the phytoplankton. Although the distribution of species varied from station to station, Cocconeis scutellum Ehrenberg and Oscillatoria sp. wereidentified as the most abundant in the phytoplankton. Water temperature, pH and conductivity varied from 9.2-25°C , 6.9-8.3, 30.5-45.1 µS/cm, dissolved oxygen values as minimum and maximum 4.6–12.7 mg l−1 were determined respectively. The water quality parameters were analyzed one-way ANOVA and differences were evaluated with Duncan’stest. In the study was done the canonical correspondence analysis (CCA).

Int. J. of Aquatic Science 2008-8019 8 1 2017 01 01 Growth parameters in juvenile gold severum (Heros severus) fed diets containing fish oil and soybean oil 9 15 70757 EN Seyed Ehsan Vesal Abdol Rahim Vosooghi Journal Article 1970 01 01 The aim of the present study is evaluating the effect of different dietary lipid sources (in a 1:1 ratio for fish and soybean oil) in diet of gold Severum (Heros severus) juvenile, an ornamental fish, based on growth performance and feeding efficiency. In this study, fish were divided to 7 experimental groups including 6 Groups fed with diets containing (T1 (3), T2 (5), T3 (8), T4 (10), T5 (12), T6 (14) %) of oils blend and a control group (CG) (receiving oil-free diet). 441 fish with initial average weight and length of 0.7 ± 0.12 g and 2.4 ± 0.14 cm, respectively, were divided into 21 aquariums randomly and fed with experimental diets for 85 days. Biometry was done once every 15 days. The results showed that T3 (8% oils blend), had the highest WG, LG, SGR and DGR, significantly different with the other treatments (p<0.05). The survival rate in all treatments was over 85% in all test groups and showed no significant difference (P>0.05).The results of this study which were focused on the growth and development of ornamental fish H. severus fed with different levels of this type of mixed oils propose that the optimal level in their diet is 8%.

Int. J. of Aquatic Science 2008-8019 8 1 2017 01 01 Heavy metals distribution in cetaceans stranded at west and north coasts of Sabah, Malaysia 16 25 70758 EN Chiau Yu Chen Gunzo Kawamura Takashi Saeki Leong-Seng Lim Journal Article 1970 01 01 Heavy metals distribution in the liver, kidney, heart, lung, muscle, melon, muscle and blubber of 5 cetaceans (2 short-finned pilot whales, 2 finless porpoises and 1 spinner dolphin) stranded at the west and north coasts of Sabah, Malaysia in 2015 were examined in this study as a first attempt to establish baseline information. Cd, Cr, As, Pb, Cu, Mn, Fe, Se, and Zn were generally found to be low in these cetaceans. Calves, adolescents, and adult cetaceans examined exhibit differential metal distribution which is normal since diet and maturity stage play the major role on this. Similar pattern of distribution was also found regardless of species. Concentrations Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn in liver and kidney were found to be not affected by species or maturity. Selective accumulation of Cd was found in kidney of adolescent short-finned pilot whale and spinner dolphin (98.65 and 35.04 µg g-1 dwt or 54.28% and 67.13% respectively). As and Cd in the calf finless porpoise were significantly high in the muscle compare to other tissues (3.52 and 3.79 µg g-1) which could be due to redistribution of harmful metals to protect main organs from toxicity. However, no specific metal toxicity or pollution of local marine environment was found. Heavy metals distribution in the liver, kidney, heart, lung, muscle, melon, muscle and blubber of 5 cetaceans (2 short-finned pilot whales, 2 finless porpoises and 1 spinner dolphin) stranded at the west and north coasts of Sabah, Malaysia in 2015 were examined in this study as a first attempt to establish baseline information. Cd, Cr, As, Pb, Cu, Mn, Fe, Se, and Zn were generally found to be low in these cetaceans. Calves, adolescents, and adult cetaceans examined exhibit differential metal distribution which is normal since diet and maturity stage play the major role on this. Similar pattern of distribution was also found regardless of species. Concentrations Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn in liver and kidney were found to be not affected by species or maturity. Selective accumulation of Cd was found in kidney of adolescent short-finned pilot whale and spinner dolphin (98.65 and 35.04 µg g-1 dwt or 54.28% and 67.13% respectively). As and Cd in the calf finless porpoise were significantly high in the muscle compare to other tissues (3.52 and 3.79 µg g-1) which could be due to redistribution of harmful metals to protect main organs from toxicity. However, no specific metal toxicity or pollution of local marine environment was found.

Int. J. of Aquatic Science 2008-8019 8 1 2017 01 01 The development of gonad mantis shrimp Harpiosquilla raphidea Fabricius, 1798 in Banten Bay, Indonesia 26 33 70759 EN Mugi Mulyono Mufti Petala Patria A. Abinawanto Ridwan Affandi M. Mardiyono Journal Article 2018 10 04 The Harpiosquilla raphidea mantis shrimp in Banten Bay is very important and an abundant marine crustacean in Indonesia. It is common among the most important predators in many shallow, tropical and subtropical marine habitats. Gonad maturity level of mantis shrimp Harpiosquilla raphidea was identified in four phases of development. The first size mature gonad of the female mantis shrimp is 199 mm and the male is 230 mm. The gonad maturity level of the female shrimp in II, III and IV have fecundity ranging from 24.600 to 76.809,with an average of 54.082±13.456 where as the diameter of the eggs at gonad maturity level III is 510‒675 µm, with an average diameter of 574±6.98 µm.

Int. J. of Aquatic Science 2008-8019 8 1 2017 01 01 Effect of modified atmosphere packaging and multi-layer flexible films on pH of smoked Kutum Fish (Rutilus frisii kutum) 34 40 70760 EN Nazanin Zand Amin Sakian Mohammadi Mohammad Reza Eshaghi Journal Article 2018 10 04 In this study the effect of different concentrations of three gas mixture (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen), and also vacuum conditions and flexible multi-layer films on pH of smoked kutum fish (Rutilus frisii kutum) at ambient condition (T = 25 °C) were evaluated. Ordinary conditions as control packagingwere compared with four types of modified atmosphere packaging: (70% N2 + 30% CO2), (30% N2 + 70% CO2), (45% CO2 + 45% N2 + 10% O2), and vacuum conditions. Smoked Kutum fishes were packaged in flexible multi-layer films under modified atmosphere packaging, 3-layer {(PET(12)/AL(12)/LLD(100)), 4-layer (PET(12)/AL(7)/PET(12)/LLD(100)) and 3-layer (PET(12)/AL(7)/LLD (100))}. Samples were performed chemical test (pH) at different times during 60 days ,with 15 treatment ,3 run, statistical analysis and comparison of data, were done by software SAS (Ver:9/1) and also Duncan’s new multiple range test, with confidence level of 95% (P<0.05). The shelf life of smoked kutum fishes (according to pH changes) were reported under conditions 1, 2 and 3 in 4-layer, 60, 58 and 45 days and in vacuum conditions were about 40 days, in 3-layer (AL:12), under conditions 1, 2 and 3 and vacuum conditions were 55, 50, 40 and 35 days, with 3 layers (AL:7), under conditions 1, 2 and 3 were45, 40 and 35 days and in vacuum conditions were 30 days. Maximum change of pH was related to 3-layer (AL:7) under 30% CO2 + 70% N2 and ordinary condition, the lowest changes belonged to 4-layer under 70% CO2 + 30% N2. The pH variable has not decreased rapidly, in each treatments during storage times (60 days), while can be explained by characteristic of this multi-layer flexible pouch with less water vapor and oxygen permeability, and increasing CO2 caused to control some chemical reactions such as pH changes in samples.

Int. J. of Aquatic Science 2008-8019 8 1 2017 01 01 The effect of short term treatment with ivermectin on the oxidative stress parameters in the tissues of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822), juvenile 41 50 70761 EN Ngozi Evelyn Ezenwaji Chisom Constance Ukwuoma Christopher Didiugwu Nwani Njoku Ivoke Juliet Onyekachi Okpasuo Journal Article 2018 10 04 The effect of short term treatments with ivermectin on the oxidative stress parameters in the tissues of Clarias gariepinus juveniles was studied between July and September 2015. Three hundred healthy juveniles of fresh water African catfish, Clarias gariepinus were used for the study. The present study investigated the behavioural responses, lethal concentration of ivermectin and the effect of sublethal concentrations on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant parameters and acute toxicity in the tissue of C. gariepinus. All animals were divided into 7 groups: Gp 1 (Tap water) served as the untreated control (0) while groups 2- 7 were treated with graded levels of ivermetin 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, 0.60, 0.75, 0.90mg/l body weight and was done for 28 days. The percentage mortality increased as the concentrations increased. The 24, 48, 72 and 96h Lc50 of ivermectin were: 0.75, 0.62, 0.45, 0.38mg/L respectively indicating four groups. The tissues of fish were exposed to various sublethal levels of ivermectin. Catalase, lipid peroxidation, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase activities of liver, and gill was highest in the control when compared to other groups.

Int. J. of Aquatic Science 2008-8019 8 1 2017 01 01 Seasonal variation of heavy metals (Cu, Mn, Ni and Zn) in farmed green mussel (Perna viridis) in Marudu Bay, Sabah, Malaysia 51 60 70762 EN Delta Jenetty Denil Julian Ransangan Tan Kar Soon Ching Fui Fui Journal Article 2018 10 04 Concern over consumption safety of farmed green mussel (Perna viridis) in Marudu Bay rises due to the increasing agricultural activities taking place around the bay. This urges us to conduct a study to determine the status of heavy metals (Cu, Mn, Ni and Zn) content in the mussel and sediment samples from the aquaculture siteand its relationship with the environmental parameters. Samples of 120 mussels and sediment were collected and analyzed monthly for one year period. Water parameters including temperature, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen and current speed were collected in-situ during sampling. The mean content of Cu, Mn, Ni and Zn in the mussel was at 45.81±46.94, 48.55±22.21, 8.66±5.02 and 46.72±17.38, respectively. In sediment, the mean content of the metals was at 39.76±36.13, 276.24±189.32, 61.61±17.83 and 55.99±54.49, respectively. Current study also found that, the mean contents of Cu, Mn, Ni and Zn were generally higher during northeast monsoon and lower during southwest monsoon. In addition, the Mn content in green mussel was above the permissible limit. Hence an in-depth study is needed to ascertain the sources of Mn in the farmed green mussel in Marudu Bay.

Int. J. of Aquatic Science 2008-8019 8 1 2017 01 01 Early development of hyomandibular in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) 61 65 70763 EN Mona Goharimanesh Fereshteh Ghassemzadeh Faezeh Yazdani Moghadam Naser Mahdavi Shahri Journal Article 2018 10 04 Hyomandibular is a paired and endochondral bone related to the upper part of the hyoid arch. Since it is present in very primitive to modern fishes, it is highly important in taxonomy. In this research, the early development of hyomandibular from one to 30 dph (day post hatching) has been studied. For this survey, 350 specimensof different ages were sampled from Nowchah, a village near Mashhad, Iran. Samples after anesthesia were fixed using buffered formalin and then the osteology was studied using the double staining protocol of Alcian Blue and Alizarin Red. The qualitative observations were converted to the quantitative data and then were analyzed by MTLAB software. Based on these results, the origin of this bone was endochondral and the time of presence was after its hatching. Finally its existence period was determined, while the ossification started from 13 dph and seems to be continued after 30 dph.